What is a truck?

To begin, let’s define the terms for vehicles designed for cargo transport: A truck is any vehicle that carries goods and has a permitted gross weight exceeding 3.5 tons. The term "lorry" is a broader category that includes various types of vehicles. A lorry typically consists of two or more parts: a motorized cab and a “trailer.” Therefore, while every lorry is a truck, not every truck qualifies as a lorry.

A semi-trailer truck is a specific type of lorry that lacks its own cargo area. Instead, it supports a semi-trailer using a specialized coupling system. As such, every semi-trailer truck is a lorry, but not every lorry is a semi-trailer truck.

Now that we’ve clarified these basics, let’s explore the 10 most common types of trucks you’ll encounter on the roads!

1. Tipper Trucks
   Tipper trucks (also known as dump trucks) are ideal for transporting loose materials like sand, stones, or rubble. They typically feature an open bed that can be tilted to quickly unload cargo. These trucks have evolved significantly since the 1910s when hydraulic systems were first integrated to replace the original horse-drawn versions.
   
   
2. Pickup Trucks
   Probably the most recognizable and widespread light-duty truck, the pickup truck is a favorite among families and businesses alike. Popular models include the Ford F-Series, Chevrolet Silverado, and Dodge Ram. Pickup trucks are perfect for transporting smaller loads such as sports equipment or building materials, and they’re handy for personal use, like transporting furniture from a store.
   
   
3. Refrigerated Trucks
   Refrigerated trucks are critical to the food industry, whether transporting raw materials or distributing goods to retail chains. First appearing in the 1920s, these trucks have continuously improved in insulation and cooling technology. Today’s refrigerated trucks are equipped with powerful cooling systems that ensure products remain fresh even on long journeys.
   
   
4. Flatbed Trucks
   Flatbed trucks have a completely open rear area without sides or a roof, only a flat surface. This design allows for the easy loading and unloading of heavy and oversized cargo, making them ideal for transporting items like construction materials or industrial machinery. Properly securing the cargo is crucial to prevent accidents caused by falling loads.
   
   
5. Car Transporters
   Car transporters are relatively common on roads, especially in countries with large automotive industries. These specialized vehicles can often carry up to a dozen cars and usually transport vehicles on two levels. Cars are driven onto and off the truck using their engines, eliminating the need for winches or lifts.
   
   
   
   
6. Furniture Trucks
   Furniture trucks are frequently seen on the roads, often displaying the logos of large furniture stores. While they may not be the most durable trucks, they are perfect for moving homes or delivering large items. These trucks are specifically designed to transport bulky furniture safely, and the drivers often assist with loading and unloading.
   
   
7. Heavy-Duty Tow Trucks
   Heavy-duty tow trucks are designed primarily for towing overweight loads. They are equipped with more powerful engines and stronger suspensions, and they can tow using a fifth wheel or hitch. These trucks are generally built as tractor units, featuring a shorter chassis, a robust structure, and at least three axles.
   
   
8. Trucks with Trailers
   Trucks with trailers pull a separate trailer, making it possible to transport large quantities of goods. They tow the trailer using a drawbar supported by front and rear axles. These trucks are popular for transporting furniture and other heavy goods.
   
   
9. Tankers
   Tankers, or trucks equipped with tanks for transporting fuel, are among the most commonly used vehicles for transporting liquids or molten materials. They often carry heavy and hazardous materials such as fuel or chemicals. These vehicles are challenging to drive due to their high center of gravity, making them difficult to handle even for experienced drivers.
   
   
10. Box Trucks
    Smaller box trucks are often associated with moving houses. These trucks feature a closed, rectangular cargo area that enables the safe transport of goods. They are commonly used for transporting food, furniture, and other items that require protection from the elements.
    
    

Summary: These are the most common types of trucks and lorries.

The world of trucks is much more complex than it might seem at first glance. While truck drivers know the distinctions between different types, most car drivers simply refer to them as "trucks."

However, the family of commercial vehicles is diverse, ranging from tarpaulin-covered trucks to dump trucks. If you are interested in exploring more unique and specific types of trucks, make sure to read our article, where we showcase 10 truly unique truck types.